Renal Physiology 1

1. What is the the normal plasma oncotic pressure?

25-30 mm Hg

2. How many nephrons are there in each kidney?

1 million each

3. What is the biological half-life of vasopressin?

18 minutes

4. What would the inability of the kidneys to respond to vasopressin lead to?

Nephrogenic diabetes mellitus

5. What is the volume of plasma cleared of a particular substance per unit time?

Clearance value

6. What is the clearance value for para amino hippuric acid (PAH)?

600 mL/min

7. What is the clearance value for glucose?

Zero

8. What is the effect of efferent arteriolar constriction on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

The GFR increases

9. What is the effect of decreased plasma protein levels on GFR?

The GFR increases

10. What is the normal hydrostatic pressure exerted in the glomerular capillaries?

55-65 mm Hg

11. What is reduced excretion of urine called?

Oliguria

12. What is the temperature the scrotum is regulated at?

32ºC

13. What type of sweat glands is present in the palms and soles?

Eccrine gland

14. What type of sweat glands is found mainly in the axilla and pubic area?

Apocrine gland

15. What is the name given to erection of hairs due to contraction of the piloerector muscles resulting in goose pimples

Horripilation

16. What is the site from where the nearest core body temperature can be recorded?

Intraaural (Ear tympanic membrane)

17. What is the water channel in the collecting duct?

Aquaporins

18. What is the other name for antidiuretic hormone

Vasopressin

19. Name the galactopoietic hormone.

Prolactin

20. Where are the osmoreceptors located?

Anterior hypothalamus

 ( UMS, 2008 )